Roadmap to success is the foundational course for the Business program. This course prepares learners for success in the degree program and promotes a journey towards lifelong learning. You’ll develop skills for communication, academic writing, self-discovery, career development and presentation skills.

This course is a hybrid competency-courses and introduces the learner to the competency-based model of Nexford courses in the BBA program.

The World of Business introduces the domain of business and key elements of the functional areas within the context that an organization operates. You’ll examine a variety of functional areas and types of business in order to understand their interconnectedness. Additional topics include the business cycle, global business practices, and impact on productivity.

Leadership, Management, and Teams focuses on how to create a personal and shared vision and communicate effectively with teams, as a leader, a manager and a team member. Topics include setting effective goals and expectations, understanding cultures and explaining the differences between management and leadership, team membership and leadership and the global workplace.

The Business Career Branding for Success course engages learners in developing and strengthening the business and personal components of one’s own career brand. The learner takes the role of a “CEO” and uses business tools to analyze competitive strengths and weaknesses, create a competency profile, document high-demand marketable and transferable skills, craft a resume and develop a lifelong learning and career development plan that will be revisited throughout the degree program.

This course is divided into two parts: Part 1 is to establish a competitive benchmark pre-assessment and initial lifelong learning and career development action plan, and Part 2 enables the learner to re-evaluate competitive strengths and weaknesses, finalize the lifelong learning and career development action plan, and create a personal brand and business plan for the individual career path.

As the speed of globalization increases, organizations need to be increasingly focused on an integrated global business and culture; this course focuses on international business and the interconnectedness of a global culture.

Learners examine how an organization operating in the global environment needs to understand and appreciate how to best leverage both global and local cultures for responsible and successful business practices. Topics from the perspective of a global firm are related to management, leadership, the economy, financial reporting and regulatory compliance.

Introduction to Business Law engages learners in understanding how laws, rules, regulations, and ethical standards pervade every area of business. This course provides an overview of U.S. law while considering that nearly all business concerns are global in nature in today’s ever-changing political and economic business environment. This course encourages learners to approach legal scenarios with an eye on international application.

Learners apply several key legal concepts to situations based on real-world legal conundrums and cases. Topics include, but are not limited to: contract law, business organization setup, employment law and intellectual property law. Learners thoroughly review and research legal concepts and apply knowledge to specific sets of legal issues found in the assigned professional scenarios.

Business and Culture in China examines the position of China within the global economy and how it is leapfrogging development in some areas. This course covers China’s history, civic culture, and public, private, and for-profit sectors, providing learners with the unique and complex components of China’s past, present, and potential on the world economic stage.

Through the lens of various stakeholders—those internal and external to business enterprises and those who engage in market-based and non-market-based transactions to influence business—learners acquire a practical literacy which prepares them to engage in business within and among Chinese employers, employees, and business partners. Learners gain an understanding of the specific drivers of economic growth and opportunity in China.

Managing Human Resources is the foundational course for the Human Resource Management Core. This course provides an in-depth survey of concepts, skills and practices in human resource management. Learners are introduced to innovative approaches in human capital management at the local, national, and global levels.

Total Rewards examines the development and administration of compensation and benefit practices, as well as challenges faced in managing total rewards in the multigenerational, competitive global economy. Learners analyze the strategic components of pay structures and reward systems and its impact on the employees and the organization.

Staffing and Development encompasses the activities involved in building and maintaining a workforce that meets the needs of the organization. The course focuses on managing talent during recruitment, selection, retention and development. Learners develop a plan to identify individual and organizational needs within the appropriate regulatory framework.

Strategic Human Resources prepares learners to apply the strategic management process from the Human Resource (HR) perspective. Learners examine how to manage talent effectively in the dynamic regulatory and competitive environment. The course emphasizes on integrating human resource management concepts related to the formulation and implementation of HR strategies and practices to support the overall global business strategy.

This course is designed to provide practical applications for leadership and management challenges and opportunities in the ever changing environment of global business. Learners examine leadership and management from both a personal and an organizational perspective and apply principles and techniques in order to adapt to the environment in both roles.

Organizational Relationships examines the interrelationships between business, government and society. Learners gain an understanding of how each of these entities contributes to the overall success of the organization, and if one of these areas is not in sync with the other two, the organization may not achieve its goals. Learners examine the interconnectedness of these three areas through topics of corporate social responsibility, business ethics, the regulatory climate, globalization, and the environment. A key focus of this course is connections between the developed and emerging markets. Learners examine how these markets rely on each other from multiple perspectives, including economics, culture, trade, human capital, etc.

Project Management highlights a key tool for any organization, which is the ability to manage multiple projects simultaneously to positive results. This course examines from an organizational perspective the tasks associated with project management. The focus is on the four components of the project life-cycle in an international business setting: organizing, planning, monitoring and controlling. Learners identify and apply relevant project management tools and methods designed to execute projects in an effective manner that maximizes efficiency and minimizes cost.

This course provides a survey of three types of capability transformations that enable digital transformation: people, tool, and process. At the people capability level, digital transformation requires the organization to hire and retain customer-centric and service-oriented talent; this talent search demands more collaboration and knowledge sharing while breaking down the silos between business and technology. At the tool capability level, a horizontal digital enabling layer is required to be developed, covering big data analytics, artificial intelligence, robotics, IoT, wearables, augmented and artificial reality, and modular manufacturing. Vertical business applications require digitization by the horizontal digital enablers in vertical business applications such as supply chain management, customer experience, finance and administration, and more. At the process capability level, digital transformation requires the business processes to be automated via the horizontal digital enablers.

Marketing Fundamentals is the foundational course for the Marketing specialization and is an introduction to the role of marketing in advancing the success of a product, service, experience or organization. Learners explore the evolution of marketing to include a review of the key marketing principles relevant in today’s workplace, an overview of the evolution from the traditional to digital marketing platform, and the differentiation between marketing a product or service versus marketing an experience.

You’ll examine functions and trends that are critical to staying competitive in the marketplace. This course introduces the functions of an organization for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers. Designed to meet customers' needs and organizational goals, these functions include marketing and behavioral science research, environmental monitoring, target market selection, product selection, promotion, distribution and pricing.

Digital Marketing Fundamentals provides an understanding of the digital marketing landscape, key trends impacting the industry, the changed customer journey, and the role each channel can play in that journey. The course also examines the advantages and subsequent challenges of this expanding marketing venue.

You’ll explore the tools that currently exist and the potential for future applications of the digital platform for marketing purposes. The course will further explore the digital platform as a tool for businesses in general in order to increase its levels of efficiency, effectiveness, and competitive position in the market space. You’ll also learn how to define and develop a digital strategy to help a business achieve its goals.

Content Marketing and Social Media emphasizes the importance of content and how different content types can be used to support brand and business goals. You’ll identify not only the content type, but the literal content as well, in conjunction with a focus on the most appropriate demographic(s) for various content. Additionally, you will learn to develop a content strategy and create engaging content for the right audience and channel.

Financial Management focuses on the foundations of finance concepts required to be capable of managing day to day financial operations and to solve complex financial matters. You’ll examine the elements of financial statements of an entity and impact of changes in one element on the other. Additionally, you’ll learn to plan and control cash flows and make decisions in the microeconomic and macroeconomic environment.

Corporate Finance and Investment Analysis focuses on financial skills and analytical methods for corporate finance managers and investment analysts. Topics include corporate financial analysis, acquisition and allocation of capital, and financial statement reporting, as well as an exposure to investing in major asset classes, measures of risk and return, and methods for valuing equity and debt.

Corporate Tax Strategies focuses on strategies for corporations to legally minimize their tax liabilities. Learners learn analyze financial transactions, calculate realized gains and losses, and determine whether to recognize gains and losses now or in the future.

Managerial Accounting and Cost Analysis focuses on the techniques managers use to identify and manage production costs for labor, material, and overhead. Learners engage multiple methods for budgeting and cost reporting, and calculate and interpret variances between budgets and actual results.

Auditing and Assurance Services focuses on how to plan and conduct an audit of a company’s financial statements and examines the importance of assurance services to users of financial statements. Learners apply techniques to identify and analyze evidence, identify fraud, and determine and publish an opinion report of the auditor’s findings.

Strategy and Organizational Planning examines how organizations set strategy and planning as key drivers of organizational success. In any domestic or international setting, the functions of strategy and planning are valuable resources in maintaining or expanding the competitive position. This course encourages learners to take a long-term view of the roles of strategy and planning whose concepts form the foundation for the practice of strategic management. Key topics covered include strategy analysis, strategic planning, and strategy implementation and evaluation. Both strategy and planning are boundaryless functions, thus allowing learners to examine these topics from the perspective of organizations operating in emerging markets.

Business and Culture in Sub-Saharan Africa examines the position of sub-Saharan Africa within the global economy and how it is leapfrogging development in certain areas. This course covers sub-Saharan Africa’s history, civic culture, and public, private, and for-profit sectors providing learners with the unique and complex components of the region’s past, present, and potential on the world economic stage. Through the lens of various stakeholders—those internal and external to business enterprises and those who engage in market-based and non-market-based transactions to influence business—learners acquire a practical literacy which prepares them to engage in business within and among African employers, employees, and business partners. Learners gain an understanding of the specific drivers of economic growth and opportunity that exist across Sub-Saharan Africa with a focus on Nigeria, Ghana, Angola and Ethiopia.

Business and Culture in India examines how a culturally rich India continues to evolve on the world stage as an economic power. This course examines how these two aspects intersect at every point, from the very history of the region's birth to the current state and looking forward to the future. Through the lens of various stakeholders—those internal and external to business enterprises and those who engage in market-based and non-market-based transactions to influence business—students will acquire a practical literacy which prepares them to engage in business within and among Indian employers, employees, and business partners. Learners gain an understanding of the specific drivers of economic growth and opportunity that exist in India.

Business and Culture in Southeast Asia examines the position of Southeast Asia within the global economy, with a particular focus on the three largest economies: Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines. This course covers Southeast Asia’s history, civic culture, and public, private, and for-profit sectors providing learners with the unique and complex components of the region’s past, present, and potential on the world economic stage. Through the lens of various stakeholders—those internal and external to business enterprises and those who engage in market-based and non-market-based transactions to influence business—learners will acquire a practical literacy which prepares them to engage in business within and among Southeast Asian employers, employees, and business partners. Learners gain an understanding of the specific drivers of economic growth and opportunity that exist in Southeast Asia.

Digitizing Customer Experiences provides a solid foundation for understanding the building blocks of developing a digital customer facing organization. This course details the three major functional units of customer facing organizations (marketing, sales, and customer care) and addresses the three major capabilities for driving customer journey transformation (people, process, and tool). Learners examine the capabilities’ underlying components including advanced analytics, unified communication and collaboration tools, digitization of business processes in sales and marketing, customer retention, and big data analytics for advanced customer segmentation and targeting in marketing. Learners examine success factors in addressing customer expectations resulting from digital transformation. Success factors include designing and digitizing the customer journey, increasing speed and agility in insight generation, achieving customer adoption of digital customer journey, and developing agility in delivery journey transformation.

Digitizing Product Management engages learners in understanding product management in the era of digital transformation. Learners examine six areas related to the product manager of the future. Customer experience includes developing a customer-centric product by analyzing the customer journey. Business acumen is the ability to develop business strategy, product portfolio prioritization, go to market strategy, and tracking of key performance indicators for market launch implementation. Customer experience entails market orientation and deep understanding of market trends, partner ecosystems, and competitive strategies. Technical skills include deeply understanding technology trends, analyzing technology architectural options, and driving transformational change inside the organization. Soft skills encompass collaboration with diverse teams across several horizontal functions within the enterprise as well as out in the larger partner ecosystems. Innovation culture includes hiring and retaining talent that drives the product management digital transformation.

Digitizing Supply Chain Management provides a foundation for understanding the digital transformation impact on supply chain management evolution whereby agility is driven at three dimensions: cost, capital, and service offering. Learners examine five functional areas of digital transformation. Digital transformation in planning includes the use of predictive analytics, automation of knowledge work, and advanced profit optimization. Digital transformation in physical flow is warehouse automation, robotics and autonomous vehicles, smart logistics planning algorithms, and 3D printing. Digital transformation in performance management includes automated root cause analysis and digital performance management. Digital transformation in order management entails reliable online order management and real-time replanning. Digital transformation in collaboration covers supply chain cloud.

Digitizing Finance examines and quantifies the social and economic impact of digitizing financial services in emerging markets. Learners analyze financial services delivered over digital infrastructure. Learners examine three building blocks for capturing the benefits of digital finance: building a robust and broad digital infrastructure, ensuring dynamic and sustainable financial services markets, and offering digital financial services that people prefer over traditional methods. Learners perform analyses of digital finance on the financial services value chain. Learners identify and evaluate future horizons for digital financial services including new credit-scoring models, peer-to-peer lending platforms, enablement of micro-payments, and development of e-commerce.

Cloud Computing provides a foundation for understanding cloud computing as a digital horizontal enabling technology. Learners assess cloud computing value chain implications across various verticals and examine three architectural options: infrastructure, platforms, and services. Learners analyze tradeoffs of cloud computing offered by various businesses such as telecommunication companies and technology providers. Learners analyze the implication of cyber security on public, private, and hybrid cloud computing hosting models.

Branding and Creative Direction examines the process of defining the vision and personality of an original brand or a re-brand, and how to develop guidelines to ensure the brand values are calibrated across all marketing and communication channels. Emphasis is placed on the communication and execution of the brand promise to attract and retain customers.

You’ll learn to master communication competencies and skills that can be used when interacting with stakeholders and team members to develop effective creative direction for brand creation and campaigns. Learners critically evaluate brand perceptions that have been defined by brand strategy and supported by marketing and communications.

Marketing Strategy and Planning provides learners with the opportunity to develop and master competencies required to execute marketing strategy. Learners perfect skills for planning and implementing a marketing strategy, including evaluating current brand positioning in the marketplace, identifying target audiences, setting objectives and key performance indicators (KPIs), and defining evaluation metrics to determine effectiveness. Key elements of strategic planning are examined, including pricing, brand positioning, and setting up the framework of a strategic marketing plan.

The Marketing Channels, Tactics, and Management course examines the contemporary range of marketing channels, common tactics unique to various channels, and how to plan an integrated approach to reach consumers at critical points. This course provides an overview of marketing channels with more focus on digital channels covered throughout the 360’ Marketing Certificate and Specialization. To deliver on the core components of any brand’s success, customers and stakeholders must feel assured that the brand exists, be clear on its offering, and see clear value in relation to themselves. Based on rapid changes in technology along with the way we distribute, consume and share media, understanding channel differentiators and designing an integrated marketing approach are essential for business goal attainment in today’s competitive landscape.

Digital Advertising and Search Engine Optimization provides an understanding of the different performance marketing channels and how they can help a business grow traffic quickly and sustainably. Learners set up campaigns and develop strategies to optimize for performance.

Our Digital Marketing Analytics course emphasizes the importance of data and analytics in today’s business environment. Learners taking this Digital Analytics course measure digital marketing activity performance, set up dashboards using tools such as Google Analytics, and report on the results of data analysis.

Introduction to Entrepreneurship introduces learners to the concept of entrepreneurship by exploring the “Lean Startup” movement to help frame what a startup is and how learners can approach new markets and businesses from a product perspective. Learners evaluate a business idea, assess its viability in a broader market, and create a simple prototype to test the idea with customers.

Product and Marketing Skills for Founders introduces learners to foundational product and marketing skills that are relevant to building and launching a tech startup. This course builds on concepts of “Lean Startup” to enable learners to refine their business ideas by gathering reliable customer feedback. Learners are introduced to fundamental concepts in product design.

Technical Skills for Non-Technical Founders examines the technical foundation of digital product development and design. Learners are exposed to the various technical components of a product and develop a framework for vetting technical business partners.

Founders, Financing, and Legal prepares learners for the business and legal realities of launching and growing a startup. Learners evaluate the importance of a cofounder, explore the process and need for pitching and raising investor funds, analyze the value of various legal structures, and examine how equity and compensation are unique to startups.

Introduction to Agile Product Management focuses on the techniques product managers use to guide a team through the agile management process. Learners examine the role the product manager plays in an organization and how to apply agile concepts to balance build time, cost, quality, and team morale.

Software Skills for Digital Product Managers focuses on the software skills that a product manager needs in a digital organization context. Topics include high level programming and technical design concepts as well as terms that developers would expect managers to know when interacting with them.

Product Design Skills for Product Managers focuses on how to build a product that looks great and delights customers. Learners examine concepts that user interface and user experience designers would expect a product manager to have some familiarity with. Learners consider marketing from the perspective of understanding what the user wants.

Communication Skills for Product Managers focuses on the soft skills a product manager needs to effectively communicate with different teams and management. The focus is on how the product manager plays the role of mediator between different organizations with different priorities.

Advances in data collection, machine learning, and computational power have fueled institutional progress. The volume of available data has grown exponentially, and algorithms have continued to advance along with greater computational power and storage. As organizations become more inundated with data, having systems and processes in place to better understand and interpret data is highly important. This course focuses on how organizations can identify, evaluate and use data effectively. As consumers become increasingly savvy with their use of data, organizations need to change their responses. The use of data for all types of business from a large organization to a small retail shop will continue to become more sophisticated. This course provides an understanding of the data analysis process. Learners examine how technology has improved the ability to collect, analyze and interpret data, and they investigate data analysis tools and technologies to improve the decision making process.

Data Analysis and Visualization helps learners understand how organizations collect, mine, analyze, and interpret data, and how it is important for organizations to understand their stakeholders and customize their data accordingly. At all levels of the organization, especially at the senior level, data must meet the needs of various stakeholders. In this course learners gain an understanding of how to use data analysis and visualization tools and techniques. Learners also acquire the fundamental skills for data analysis and visualization by examining and applying various tools and techniques including MS-Excel, Tableau, and Python to develop dashboards. Learners examine data, apply analysis and visualization tools, and leverage advanced techniques to display outcomes and interpret the results for improved decision making.

Machine Learning and Predictive Analytics helps learners understand how in today’s global business markets organizations have the opportunity to reach a wider consumer base for their products, and as this consumer base expands, the need for a more sophisticated approach to data mining, analysis, and application is increasingly evident.

This Predictive Analytics course focuses on the use of predictive analytics and the use of machine learning to find patterns in data sets; the organizations that can better understand the data they collect along with being able to make predictive calculations from that data will gain competitive advantages in their respective markets. In this course learners examine the tools and techniques of predictive analytics and machine learning, including regression analysis, decision trees, and rule models. Learn predictive analytics, and gain a better understanding of how to predict outcomes from available data. Learners explore and examine data, apply predictive tools and techniques to predict outcomes from the data, and interpret the results for improved decision making during this predictive modelling course.

Statistics emphasizes the analysis of data collection and statistics through the use of current technology. This course introduces learners to statistical terms, distributions, displaying and interpreting of data collected (probability, validity and reliability), effect size, measures of central tendency (mean, median and mode) and determining statistical significance. Learners analyze hypothesis testing and apply statistical techniques.

Foundations of Robotics and IoT engages learners in understanding how the interconnectivity of devices via the Internet is harnessed to improve robotic manufacturing processes. This course provides an overview of IoT architecture. Within the context of IoT ecosystems, learners explore software product design with cyber models, application modeling, IoT value modeling, and hardware product design with sensors, embedded systems, and connected sensors. Topics also include an overview of the network fabric in IoT, operational technology (OT), information technology (IT) and fog networks, IoT product cloud, and IoT platforms. This course provides an overview of intelligent process automation (IPA) and five major technologies supporting robotic process automation (RPA): smart workflow, machine learning, advanced analytics, natural-Language generation, and cognitive agents.

Machine Learning and Predictive Analytics helps learners understand how in today’s global business markets organizations have the opportunity to reach a wider consumer base for their products, and as this consumer base expands, the need for a more sophisticated approach to data mining, analysis, and application is increasingly evident.

This Predictive Analytics course focuses on the use of predictive analytics and the use of machine learning to find patterns in data sets; the organizations that can better understand the data they collect along with being able to make predictive calculations from that data will gain competitive advantages in their respective markets. In this course learners examine the tools and techniques of predictive analytics and machine learning, including regression analysis, decision trees, and rule models. Learn predictive analytics, and gain a better understanding of how to predict outcomes from available data. Learners explore and examine data, apply predictive tools and techniques to predict outcomes from the data, and interpret the results for improved decision making during this predictive modelling course.

Introduction to AI highlights the goal of artificial intelligence, which is to create software that can perform reasoning tasks and solve problems in complex environments the way humans do. This course begins with an overview of the evolution of AI tracing its history from the work of Alan Turing to the current state of the art software. Learners examine a range of AI techniques and their applications in business contexts, including knowledge representation, both basic and heuristic search, probabilistic modeling with Bayesian networks, and natural language processing techniques. Class discussions and readings address the philosophical and ethical implications of developing and deploying AI systems in a range of contexts. In the culminating course project, learners identify a problem or task that AI could effectively address, select and evaluate specific AI techniques, and identify and evaluate potential ethical questions surrounding the solution.

Information is the lifeblood for organizations of all types. Therefore everyone needs to have a fundamental understanding of the interdisciplinary field of cybersecurity. This course provides this fundamental knowledge by taking the learner through the evolution of the discipline from information security to cybersecurity. Learners evaluate several important laws, which have significant impact on cybersecurity strategy.

Learners also investigate multiple cybersecurity technologies, processes, and procedures; they learn how to analyze threats, vulnerabilities, and risks in these environments, and develop appropriate mitigation strategies by applying a mission-focused and risk-optimized approach.

This survey course introduces learners to the three primary sources of threats (technology, policy, and people, both internal and external) and the three classes of tools: technology, policy, and people used to develop an organizational cybersecurity strategy. This course and exercises are designed to emphasize, encourage and enhance the critical thinking abilities of learners. Although the course is not designed to prepare learners for this test, the material covered in this course includes most of the knowledge tested in the CompTIA Security+ exam.

Learners will apply their learning by performing systematic case studies of actual organizations.

Introduction to Supply Chain Management is the first course in the Supply-Chain specialization. Learners examine how, as the world becomes more automated along with an increased use of sophisticated technologies, the traditional supply chain is set to evolve. The digital transformation of the supply chain will have an impact on supply agility as well as on the dimensions of costs, capital and service offerings. The ability to be adaptable, flexible, and integrated with technology are defining concepts for future supply chains. As supply moves forward, digital transformation will impact key supply function including: the physical flow of goods, warehouse automation, and smart logistics planning. Organizations such as Amazon, Wal-Mart, and Alibaba have complex supply chains that incorporate advanced technologies such as AI and robotics. Each of these organizations has revolutionized and re-shaped the approach to both logistics and supply chain management. A supply chain risk management strategy must now include considerations for non-traditional risks such as cyber attacks, biological attacks, and political attacks. In this course learners are provided with an overview of the field of supply chain management including the logistics management functions and the interrelationships among the different organizational functions. Learners examine effective supply chain strategies and logistics functions from a global perspective.

Impact of E-Commerce on the Supply Chain helps learners understand how E-commerce, a reality for almost all organizations, has given rise to the need for evolution in supply chain management. The increased use of, and sophistication in, technology has driven consumers to demand goods and services in an almost instantaneous manner. The idea of waiting weeks to receive goods or the concept of services taking days to complete has been replaced by consumers demanding goods and services delivered as fast as they can perform the Internet search. This change in consumer behavior has made the supply chain a top priority for organizations. A real-time, highly visible, and highly accurate approach to key supply chain functions as they relate to e-commerce is needed.

In this course, learners examine the principles and practices of e-commerce as they relate to the supply chain initiatives at the regional and global level, including an omni-channel approach as an effective way for organizations to manage the supply chain, and the role that e-commerce data has played in the evolution of supply chain management.

Transportation and Reverse Logistics Management helps learners understand two key aspects of the supply chain process: transportation and reverse logistics. In moving goods and services within and across the supply chain, organizations need to adapt and respond in a timely and strategic manner. A key concern as the transportation industry evolves is the shortage of skilled labor balanced against the need for increased automation. Organizations will need to make strategic decisions regarding resource allocation. This course provides an overview of the transportation industry from a global perspective. Learners examine ways to apply global transportation strategies across the supply chain. This course also highlights best practices in reverse logistics, moving goods back through the supply chain.

Integrated Supply Chain Management and Sustainable Operations explores different approaches needed by organizations as they evolve in the 21st century. A key aspect in creating sustainable operations is minimizing the use of natural resources. Two key components of an integrated supply chain are value creations and the reduction of waste across the entire chain. The supply chain is a complex network of independent functions within the organization that rely on each other. Integrating these functions requires a multifaceted approach addressing strategic, operational and technological capacities. As technology becomes more sophisticated, one way to increase the value of the entire supply chain is through the use of artificial intelligence. The first part of this course examines the principles, practices, and applications of integrated supply chain management. Achieving sustainable operations requires a concerted effort from organizations to shift their thinking to a triple bottom line approach: people, profit, planet. The Triple Bottom line approach requires organizations to examine ways to reduce waste by compartmentalizing the different aspects of growth with a focus on sustainability. The second half of this course examines the principles, practices, and applications of sustainable operations as they relate to UN SDG #12. Learners examine the wider framework of building sustainable operations by incorporating an integrated supply chain.